lifetime criminals.
Repeated THEME throughout HISTORY stems from "jews against Jews" trying to gain power;
1. Adam and Eve.
2. Cain kills his brother Abel out of jealousy.
3. Cain, the murderer, marries his sister.
4. H o m o s e x u a l , i n c e s t , sins lead to Noah's Arc.
5. Noah marries a wife ( wife is a descendent of Cain)
6. Noah's three sons are born of "Cain's descendent"-Mother of Sin.
7. Noah curses his son Ham and Ham's fourth son "canaan" into enslavement
due to Ham and Ham's fourth son's sin against Noah. Ham's two brothers
Shem and Joseth for generations carry out Noah's curse against Ham.
8. Shem (UK, Zionist-Jews of US) recruit Ham (non-Caucasians).
Shem ( Zionist-Jews) feud with Joseth (Russia) and wins.
Fall of Joseth(Russia) lead to enslavement of Asians in place of
"Hams's descendents siding with SHEM"; as well as
punishment of
Ashkenazi Jews ( German Jews; also where nazi term was derived from).
9. Modern day "Zionist-Jews" carry on "Cain's Sins";
Selected "evil" Zionist-Jews
earlier participated in "killing Jesus" ( Jews did not want poor-savior-like-Jesus; Jews wanted Rich-Savior)
...Zionist-Jews caused 1905's end of Russian Monarchy.
...Zionist-Jews caused 1910's end of Korean Monarchy.
...Zionist-Jews caused end of Qing Dynasty in China.
....zionist-Jews caused Manchuria-China's genocide.
...zionist-Jews caused Korean genocide.
...Zionist-Jews attempts to rid Asia of "buddhism".
...zionist-jews attempts to fight other non-zionist-jews to join ZIONIST-jews
thru Nazi-Germany-USSR-Soviet created by Zionist Jews but also abandoned by Zionist Jews.
.....zionist-Jews have been "financial sponsor" to Japan ( Zionist Jews been in Kobe,Japan since 1860's)
....zionist-Jew used Prez Truman to Create "Israel"; then abandoned Prez Truman
after Truman left the White HOUSE-penniless Truman lived on "Presidential Pension" and "Medicare" created for Truman.
.....zionist-Jews CONTROL the globe thru its "CENTRAL BANK" monopoly; where publically owned banks borrow from ZIONIST-CENTRAL-BANK and pays interest rates on the loan.
......Zionist-Jews are "SHEM descendents" who fought Jewish Siblings descended from "Cursed Ham" and "Joseth of Russia".
------Historical Facts of "Acadians" in Canadian History reflects KOREAN history
a. French and Great Britain's feud over land ownership resulted in "ACADIANS" facing 200years of hardship and still counting in 2013....
b. Equivalent to KOREANS being used as scapegoats during;
USSR-Soviet vs Jap over land ownership dispute
USA-Jap vs USSR-Soviet over property dispute
China vs Jap over property dispute
Great Britain vs USA-Jap property dispute in Asia
(excluding the Jewish-Concentration-camp-like-Genocide only faced by Soviet-Communists, Jews, and KOREANS)----------------
Wolfville is a Canadian town in the Annapolis Valley, Kings County,Nova Scotia, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northwest of the provincial capital, Halifax.[1] The town is home to Acadia University,Landmark East School and the Acadia Cinema Cooperative, a non-profit organization that runs the local movie/performance house. It is a popular tourist destination for the scenery of the nearby Bay of Fundy andGaspereau Valley, as well as for the many cultural attractions which are offered by the university and town. In the past few years, severalVictorian houses in Wolfville have been converted to bed and breakfastestablishments.
Contents
[hide]History[edit source]
The First Nations[edit source]
The area of Wolfville, from 14,000 BC to 1000 AD was a hunting ground for many First Nations peoples including the Clovis, Laurentian, Bear River, and Shields Archaic groups. They were attracted by the salmon in the Gaspereau River and the agate stone at Cape Blomidon with which they could make stone tools. In around 700 AD, the first Mi'kmaq, related to the Algonquin and Ojibwe peoples, migrated into Nova Scotia and bumped the other tribes out.[citation needed] The Mi'kmaq were seasonal hunters, using dogs and webbed snowshoes to hunt deer, and using the various semi-precious stones (including jasper, quartz, and even amythest) from the Blomidon area to make arrowheads.
The French[edit source]
After an initial effort in 1604 by Pierre Dugua, Sieur de Mons and his cartographer Samuel de Champlain to establish a colony at Saint Croix Island the colony was relocated to the Habitation at Port-Royal. The French and the Mi'kmaq quickly established a reciprocal relationship which continued to serve both peoples well until the mid Eighteenth-century. The French found the area to be rich in furs and fine fertile land. Reports sent to France by individuals such as Samuel de Champlain,Marc Lescarbot and Nicolas Denys proclaimed the rich bounty to be found in the Annapolis Valley area.
French settlement efforts continued in fits and starts and by 1636 underCharles de Menou d'Aulnay Port Royal was reestablished after Acadia/Nova Scotia was handed back to the French under the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye. The progeny of these settlers, as well as the second wave of settlers under Hector d'Andigné de Grandfontaine would eventually become known as the Acadians. By the late 1690s their population numbered about 350.[2] French settlement in the Wolfville area began in about 1680 with a Pierre Melanson establishing his family at Grand-Pré,.[3] The Acadians prospered as farmers by enclosing the estuarine salt marshes with dykes and successfully converting the reclaimed lands into fertile fields for crops and pasturage. In 1710, however, Acadia was lost by the French crown after the English laid siege to Port Royal/Annapolis Royal. Under the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht, signed at the close of the War of the Spanish Succession, Acadia was ceded for the final time to the British. For the next thirty-six years, until the establishment of Halifax in 1749, the British remained at Annapolis Royal and Canso. The French-speaking Catholic population grew over the intervening years to well over 10,000 and the Minas region (Wolfville and environs) quickly became the principle settlement. Acadia was a borderland region between two empires and this caused to develop a complex socio-political environment for the Acadians. Both the British and the French coaxed and threatened the Acadians in attempts to secure their loyalty as is evidenced by the various oaths of allegiance each side attempted to extract from them. This complex situation led many Acadians to attempt to maintain a neutral path; while others either openly supported the French or the British. During the War of the Austrian Succession the Acadians in the Wolfville area were implicated in the Battle of Grand Pré which saw a Canadian military force, reinforced by Mi'kmaq and Acadians, defeat a British force.[4] With the onset of the Seven Years War the Acadians in the Wolfville area, along with all Acadians in peninsular Nova Scotia, suffered under the deportations that took place during the Expulsion of the Acadians,(see also the Bay of Fundy Campaign (1755)). Beginning in September 1755 and continuing into the fall approximately 2,000 Acadians were deported from the area about Wolfville. The villages lying beyond Grand Pré were burned by the British forces and still more buildings were destroyed by both sides during the guerilla war that took place until 1758.
The English[edit source]
Around 1760, the British government in Nova Scotia made several township plots of land available in the Annapolis Valley for colonization and Horton Township was created in the Grand Pre/Wolfville Area. Because of pressure on agricultural lands inNew England, anglophone farmers moved north in search of fertile land at a reasonable price. It is thought that between 1760 and 1789 more than 8,000 people known as New England Planters emigrated to the land around the Annapolis Valley. They settled, and re-used the same dyke-lands as the Acadians had used before them, repairing and later expanding the agricultural dykes. In 1763, there were 154 families living in the area of Horton Township. The New England Planters set up a primarily agricultural economy exporting cattle potatoes and grain and later apples as well as developing lumbering and later shipbuilding. The town site for Horton was initially surveyed in the Grand Pre area at Horton Landing near the mouth of theGaspereau River. However the town instead gravitated around the sheltered harbour on the Cornwallis River at Wolfville, at first known as Mud Creek. The first official record of a Baptist church in Canada was that of the Horton Baptist Church (now Wolfville), established on October 29, 1778. The church was established with the assistance of the New Light evangelist Henry Alline. The Baptist movement remained strong in the area and in 1838 lead to the founding of Acadia University as a Baptist college.[5]
In 1830, the town of Mud Creek switched its name to Wolfville, in honour of Elisha DeWolf, the town's postmaster at the time.[6]In the mid-19th century, Wolfville was renowned as the world's smallest port. The town welcomed Confederation in 1867. TheWindsor and Annapolis Railway arrived in 1868, later becoming the Dominion Atlantic Railway making Wolfville a seaport devoted principally to the export of apples from the orchards of the fertile Annapolis Valley. Wolfville Harbour was also a terminus of the MV Kipawo ferry, the last of a long succession of ferries that connected Wolfville, Kingsport and Parrsboro for 200 years.[7] The harbour, which empties twice a day due to the high tides of the Bay of Fundy, was once described by Robert Ripley as the smallest in the world. On March 20, 1893, the TOWN was incorporated with Dr. E. Perry Bowles as its first mayor.
In 1985, the town was declared a nuclear free zone. Wolfville was declared Canada's first fair trade town on April 17, 2007.[8]
Culture[edit source]
Wolfville is considered by many to be one of the more vibrant cultural centres in Nova Scotia. The Acadia University Art Gallery and The Atlantic Theatre Festival are both located on Main Street along with many bistros and boutiques. The town's history is presented at the Randall House Museum, operated by the Wolfville Historical Society. Each year, the Annapolis Valley Music Festival is held on Acadia Campus, where many talented musicians from across the valley compete.
| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1981 | 3,235 | — |
| 1986 | 3,277 | +1.3% |
| 1991 | 3,475 | +6.0% |
| 1996 | 3,833 | +10.3% |
| 2001 | 3,658 | −4.6% |
| 2006 | 3,772 | +3.1% |
| 2011 | 4,269 | +13.2% |
| [9] | ||
Wolfville has a Farmers Market every Saturday morning year-round (8:30am–1:00pm), and on Wednesday evenings from June to December (4:00-7:00pm).[10] The market is located at 24 Elm Ave in Wolfville in the DeWolfe building, a former apple packing warehouse.
Eddy (M) Melanson was born in Wolfville, Nova Scotia on July 25, 1938.
Notable residents[edit source]
- Joseph Barss, privateer
- Alex Colville, artist
- Arthur Chute McGill, theologian and philosopher
- Mona Louise Parsons, member of the Dutch resistance, WW2
- Kathlyn (MacLean) Corinne, a drama teacher born in Wolfville, who was the mother ofWarren Beatty and Shirley MacLaine
- Mark Oakley, creator of Thieves and Kings
starting in 1749, British Militia allowed Jewish settlement in Nova Scotia,Canada
previously occupied by French-Canadians.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Goler Clan of Nova Scotia in NH,MA, OH,LA,NC.
previously occupied by French-Canadians.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Goler Clan of Nova Scotia in NH,MA, OH,LA,NC.
There are some words people feel uncomfortable using -- one of them is incest. In Nova Scotia, the family name Goler is almost synonymous with that word.
Yet, one Goler has managed to break free of the family and what it has come to stand for. Donna Goler has written a book on her experiences.
"It took me 13 years to come out and say ‘Look, I'm Donna Goler, I come from this family up on South Mountain, who, when they felt like it, raped me," she said.
| Donna Goler was a guest speaker at Auburn Drive High School in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia. She is an example of a courageous woman who has overcome her past and now educates others using her own experiences. Even though Donna was brought up just an hour outside of Halifax, she couldn't have been any further away from civilization. Deep Hollow Road on the South Mountain is where the Goler family secrets were kept for over one hundred years. A two-room tar paper shack, which was later towed away and used as chicken coops, housed Donna, her parents, and her three sisters. A short distance away her grandparents and approximately 20 others lived in similar conditions, though they did have electricity. |
The sexual abuse began when Donna was an infant, however her earliest memory of it was a few years later.
"The first time I can remember I was five, just going on six, because I had just graduated from Kindergarten going into grade one," she said. "I came home and that was the first time I had been raped and it was by my father."
However, Donna's nightmare didn't end with sexual abuse, there was also child prostitution.
"We used to have a CB, and we had it set up......and if somebody wanted to have sex with one of his kids he would let them for a case of beer or a carton of cigarettes, or even a pack of cigarettes," Goler said.
"They got to pick out whichever child they wanted to have sex with. We had nothing to say, we couldn't prevent it, we couldn't stop them. We were basically lined up against the wall and they chose the one they wanted and we were forced to do it."
Donna adds that even though the whole town knew what was going on, nobody would step in to help.
Donna adds that even though the whole town knew what was going on, nobody would step in to help.
"Our town was separated into two sections....the good people of Wolfville and Kentville and the awful people that lived up on the mountain and weren't welcomed into the valley," Goler said.
"I just happened to be in that little community where we were considered the awful people, and who cared?"
Why would Donna want to relive her memories of Deep Hollow Road? She hopes it will help other kids keep from going through what she went through.
"Now I have decided the best way for me to heal is to help others. So instead of just hiding in the corner and knowing it's going on with others I decided I would come out and speak about it and tell them ‘Look, this is what has happened to me, I know it's happening somewhere else, so I'm here to help'. For me, helping others has helped me."
Erika Lavers is a Grade Nine student at Roncalli Central High in Port Saunders, Newfoundland. Michelle Wray has just graduated from Auburn Drive High School in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia.
The Golers are a clan of poor, rural families on Nova Scotia's South Mountain, near Wolfville, Nova Scotia, known for inter-generational poverty and the conviction of a large number of family members for sexual abuse and incest.
Background[edit]
The Golers lived together in two shacks in a remote wooded area south of the community of White Rock, outside the town ofWolfville.[1] Like most other mountain clans, they were isolated from most of the residents of the farming district in theAnnapolis Valley and most of the nearby towns.[1] The adults, some of whom were mentally deficient and/or handicapped,[1]had little schooling and rarely worked. The children were generally forced to perform any menial chores (such as preparing food or removing trash).[1] Garbage was simply thrown into the attic, until it was completely filled, and then the adults would make the children haul it all out.[1]
In 1984, one of the children, a 14-year-old girl, revealed the details of a long history of torture and abuse (physical, sexual, and psychological), to a school official.[1] According to further details uncovered by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, this abuse and forced incestual relationships had been taking place for multiple generations.[1] As the case was investigated, authorities learned that a number of Goler children were victims of sexual abuse at the hands of fathers, mothers, uncles, aunts, sisters, brothers, cousins, and each other. During interrogation by police, several of the adults openly admitted to engaging in many forms of sexual activity, up to and including full intercourse, multiple times with the children. They often went into graphic detail, claiming that the children themselves had initiated the activity.[1]
The trial and aftermath[edit]
Eventually, sixteen adults (both men and women) were charged with hundreds of allegations of incest and sexual abuse of children as young as five.[1] Due to the sensational nature of the crime, the trial received extensive national coverage and a book entitled On South Mountain: The Dark Secrets of the Goler Clan was written and published in 1998 covering their story in detail. Donna Goler, one of the abused children who was removed from the Goler household (when she was 11), has become an outspoken activist for stricter child abuse laws, and for stronger protection of children from convicted child molesters.[2] A year after the book On South Mountain was published, she began a long fight to revise the Criminal Code, saying that it failed to protect the young relatives of convicted child molesters.[3]
QUOTES:
QUOTES:
wednesday, march 30, 2005
it's almost the sawney beanes...
so here's a make-up for the missing sawney beane story. i promise to get it back online, kay?
true stories of human horror. ick - and i can't look away.
man, there's a movie i don't want to see. ick, i feel dirty.On South Mountain
The Dark Secrets of the Goler Clan
David Cruise & Alison Griffiths
ISBN 0140263691
24 Aug 1998
Imagine a lush green valley, dotted with prosperous farms and towns. It could be anywhere in North America — the Okanagan in BC, the Niagara orchards of Ontario. In this case it happens to be the Annapolis Valley in Nova Scotia. But on one hill, South Mountain, lives the a clan of impoverished, inbred hillbillies, ignored or shunned by the people in the valley below for two hundred years. Few have much schooling, most are unemployed, and they keep almost entirely to themselves.Two solitudes side by side, until one day in January 1984, Sandra Golder, aged thirteen, burst into tears in class. When her teacher took her out into the hall to ask her why she was crying, a gruesome story of incest and sexual abuse began to emerge. Within hours the story had spread to the principal, a social worker, and finally the police. Within weeks a full-fledged scandal had been unleashed on the valley: sixteen adults — men and women — from the Mountain were charged with hundreds of allegations of incest and sexual abuse of children as young as five. It gradually became clear that this had been going on for generations, a cycle endlessly repeated.This book tells the amazing story not only of the court cases that followed, but the way the valley community reacted. Dark secrets weren't the exclusive property of the Golers: the townspeople had their own, including the fact that some of them had known about the abuse for decades and done nothing about it.
http://korea.prkorea.com/wordpress/english/2012/03/15/japanese-occupation-period/
KOREAN.
Koreans were peaceful, civilized, scholarly, and hard-working
society reigning over Manchuria,China during the CHINESE Qing-DYNASTY when they were
constantly bombarded by EUROPEANS who'd partake in unwelcomed
invasion of KOREA.
Ultimately, the chaotic European Influence
in Japan where there was constant civil war among
Japanese made KOREA as a SCAPEGOAT
to redirect JAPANESE chaos to calmness.
Jap Government rechanneled Jap
society to join as one in ENSLAVING/Torturing/
Unmentionably demeaning to KOREANS
only for the sole purpose of
"JAP Selfishiness".
KOREANS were SUPERIOR in
Intellect, CIVILITY, talent, skills, Cohesiveness,
and had RICH tradition of ROYALTY.
Japs in envy and unmentionably
demeaning evilness made
KOREA their target of Jap Cruelty.
Joseon-KOREA was ruined
by Japs from 1905-1910,
1910-1945, 1945-1953, 1953-
present day2013 by Japs partnership with USA
preventing reunification of KOREA.
"A human being never forgets the past horrors"...
http://www.zzwave.com/cmfweb/wiihist/njmassac/end.htm
Pix starting from Year1894
------FACT; itaewon - h o o k e r hill/ h o m o se x u ality
of Korea was set up by Japanese before turning over Korea to USA.
Viral Hepatitis
[PDF - 791 KB]Gay and bisexual men are at increased risk for certain sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including Hepatitis A, B and C, which are contagious liver diseases. Approximately 10 % of new Hepatitis A and 20% of all new Hepatitis B infections in the United States are among men who have sex with men. Many men have not been vaccinated against viral hepatitis, despite the availability of safe and effective vaccine. In addition, CDC has investigated several outbreaks of Hepatitis C among HIV positive gay men. In addition, CDC has investigated several outbreaks of Hepatitis C among HIV positive gay men.
There is a safe and effective vaccine that protects gay and bisexual men from Hepatitis A and B. In fact, CDC recommends that men who have sex with men (MSM) get vaccinated against viral hepatitis A and B.
How is Hepatitis A spread?
Hepatitis A is usually spread from contact with feces (or stool) of an infected person. In men who have sex with men, Hepatitis A usually is transmitted through oral-anal sexual contact. Hepatitis A ranges in severity from a mild illness lasting a few weeks to a severe illness lasting several months.
How is Hepatitis B spread?
Hepatitis B is spread when blood, semen, or other body fluid infected with the Hepatitis B virus enters the body of a person who is not infected. In men who have sex with men, Hepatitis B is often transmitted through unprotected anal sex or receptive oral sex (giving oral sex). The infection can also be spread when individuals share injection drug equipment. Hepatitis B can be either "acute" or "chronic." Acute Hepatitis B is a mild illness that can last a few weeks or months. While some people “clear” the virus, others go on to develop chronic Hepatitis B, a serious, lifelong illness.
How is Hepatitis C spread?
Hepatitis C is spread through contact with blood from an infected person by sharing needles or other drug injection equipment. Hepatitis C also can be spread through sexual contact, although scientists do not know how frequently this occurs. Scientists continue to see outbreaks of Hepatitis C among HIV-infected gay and bisexual men. Rough sex, sex with multiple partners, or having a sexually transmitted disease or HIV appears to increase a person’s risk for Hepatitis C.
What are the symptoms of viral hepatitis?
Many people with viral hepatitis do not have any symptoms. Symptoms, if they do appear, are similar for all types of hepatitis and can include: fever, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dark urine, grey-colored bowel movements, joint pain and jaundice (a yellowing of the skin or eyes).
Can viral hepatitis be prevented?
Experts recommend that all gay and bisexual men be vaccinated for Hepatitis A and B. The Hepatitis A and B vaccines can be given separately or as a combination vaccine. The vaccines are safe, effective, and require 2-3 shots within a six month period depending on the type of vaccine. A person should complete all shots in the series for long-term protection. There is no vaccine for Hepatitis C.
Increasing trend of HIV/AIDS among Arab and Jewish male persons in Israel, 1986-2010.
Source
Department of Tuberculosis and AIDS, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel. zohar.mor@rml.health.gov.il
Abstract
OBJECTIVES:
The aim of the study was to compare the HIV/AIDS burdens in Jewish and Arab Israeli males, as HIV/AIDS affects different population groups disproportionally.
METHODS:
The National HIV/AIDS Registry (NHAR) was used as the source of HIV/AIDS infection records, while the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics was used to determine group-specific disease rates.
RESULTS:
Between 1986 and 2010, 3499 HIV/AIDS-infected male Israelis were reported to the NHAR: 3369 (96.3%) Jews and 130 (3.7%) Arabs, with an average annual incidence of 5.5 and 0.8 per 100 000 of the population, respectively (P = 0.05). Of the Jews, 1018 (29.9%) were born in Ethiopia, while 2389 were Jews who were not Ethiopian-born (JNE). Most of the Arabs (n = 99; 74.8%) were Muslims, followed by Christians (21; 16.2%) and Druze (13; 10%). AIDS rather than HIV infection at the time of reporting was diagnosed in 568 (23.8%) of the JNE and 31 (23.8%) of the Arabs (p = 1). The most affected age group was those aged 25-34 years among the JNE and those aged 20-24 years among the Arabs, and the respective cumulative death rates were 24.9% (n = 594) and 32.5% (n = 40) (P = 0.1). The point prevalences in 2010 were 58.4 and 11.4 per 100 000 for JNE and Arabs, and in adults aged 15-59 years they were 71.5 and 26.3 per 100 000, respectively. In Muslims, Christians and Druze, the point prevalences were 4.2, 11.2 and 7.1 per 100 000, and in adults aged 15-59 years they were 22.6, 42.9 and 29.4, respectively. The most common risk group among JNE was men who have sex with men (MSM; n = 1223; 51.2%), followed by injecting drug users (n = 661; 27.7%), while among Arabs it was MSM (n = 63; 48.1%), followed by heterosexuals (n = 36; 27.3%).
CONCLUSIONS:
The HIV/AIDS burden in Israeli Arab males was significantly lower than that in Jews, and in both populations the most common risk group was MSM, with the proportion of MSM increasing with time.
© 2012 British HIV Association.
There are many theories about what causes avascular necrosis. Proposed risk factors include, chemotherapy, alcoholism,[4] excessive steroid use,[5] post trauma,[6][7] caisson disease (decompression sickness),[8][9] vascular compression,[10] hypertension, vasculitis, arterial embolism and thrombosis, damage from radiation, bisphosphonates(particularly the mandible),[11] sickle cell anaemia,[12] and Gaucher's Disease,.[13] In some cases it is idiopathic (no cause is found).[14] Rheumatoid arthritis and lupus are also common causes of AVN. Prolonged, repeated exposure to high pressures (as experienced by commercial and military divers) has been linked to AVN, though the relationship is not well-understood.
In 1962, Misora married actor Akira Kobayashi, though the marriage ended in divorce only two years later, in 1964.
In 1973 Tetsuya Katō, Misora's brother, was prosecuted for gang-related activity. Although NHK did not acknowledge any connection, Misora was excluded from Kōhaku Uta Gassen for the first time in 18 years.[8] Offended, she refused to appear on NHK for years afterwards.[8]
Illness and death[edit]
In April 1987, on the way to a performance in Fukuoka, Misora suddenly collapsed. Rushed to hospital, she was diagnosed with avascular necrosis brought on by chronic hepatitis. She was confined to a hospital in Fukuoka, and eventually showed signs of recovery in August. She commenced recording a new song in October, and in April 1988 performed at a concert at the Tokyo Dome.
Her triumph was short-lived. Misora died on June 24, 1989 from pneumonia at the age of 52, at a hospital in Tokyo. Her death was widely mourned throughout Japan.
Beginning in 1990, television and radio stations annually play her song "Kawa no Nagare no Yō ni" (川の流れのように) on her birthdate to show respect. In a national poll by NHK in 1997, the song was voted the greatest Japanese song of all time by more than 10 million people.
.....What are the correlations of;
(1) "Soviet Union-USSR land dispute with Japan ",
(2) "Soviet-Union-Russian Orthodox religion dispute with Poland Jewish Community",
(3) " Japanese-Jewish Community of KOBE"
Kobe (神戸市 Kōbe-shi) is a port city in the Kansai region of Japan on the main island of Honshū. An important city throughout Japanese history, Kobe also has a significant Jewish history. Already housing a modest Jewish community by the start of World War II, Kobe existed as a safe haven for thousands of Jews fleeing Europe during 1940 and 1941. At its height, the Jewish community of Kobe had thousands of residents, two synagogues, and recognition from the Japanese government. After World War II, however, the community became greatly diminished and remains extremely small today.
Early history[edit]
Jews started coming to Japan in the 1860s, when Japan was opened to trade. There quickly became a small population of Jewish businessmen in Kobe, along with the other port cities of Yokohama and Nagasaki. By the early 1900s (decade), there existed a Zionist organization and well established Jewish community in Kobe, and the city received its first synagogue in 1912. So, when trade with Russia declined in Nagasaki prior to the Russo-Japanese War and the great Kanto earthquake struck Yokohama in 1923, the majority of the Jewish population in Japan ended up in Kobe. As a trickle of Jewish immigrants continued, by the start of World War II Kobe had a well-off Jewish community of about 1000 people and 50 families.[1] As one scholar puts it, "Kobe was the center of what little Jewish life existed in Japan at that time. The community, which numbered several dozen families, was composed primarily of Sephardim originally from Iraq and Iran, and Ashkenazim who had originally lived in Russia."[2] This Jewish community of Kobe, which came to be known as JEWCOM, its cable address, was treated without prejudice by the Japanese government. A Japanese official stated in 1922, "The number of Jews in Japan is comparatively small. We treat them the same as we treat all foreigners. We do not distinguish between them."[3] Such an attitude towards Jews was rare in the world at that time, and would prove to be lifesaving for the community in Kobe. As the world became more anti-Semitic and the Nazis began their plans to annihilate the Jews in Europe, Kobe would serve as a safe haven for thousands of refugees fleeing the Holocaust.
Jacob Schiff[edit]
While it is clear that the Japanese played great hosts to the Jewish refugees in Kobe, it is less obvious that exceptional treatment of the Jews was no accident. Beyond the simple compassion of the general public, the government had far more calculated reasons for begin to hospitable to the Jews. First, there was a feeling of indebtedness to the Jewish people, as the financier of the Russo-Japanese War was a Jewish New York banker by the name of Jacob Schiff. Japan needed money to fight the war in 1904, and few banks in Europe were willing to take such a risky venture. No one thought Japan had a chance to defeat Russia, a major Western power. Schiff, however, agreed to grant Japan loans that amounted to over $200 million, when no one else would help.[4] This money led to Japan's victory and after the war, Schiff was treated like a hero in Japan and became the first foreigner to receive the Order of the Rising Sun from the emperor.[5] Therefore, the Japanese already had a quite favorable impression of Jews, as Schiff was a symbol of international Jewish wealth and power and the Japanese felt indebted to him.
Arrival in Japan[edit]
In the early stages of World War II, Kobe unexpectedly started to receive the thousands of Jewish refugees coming from Europe to Japan at a rapid pace. The migrants came from several areas under Nazi rule, including Germany, Austria, and Poland. Arriving between July 1940 and September 1941, these Jews were greeted in Japan by the local communities. Usually arriving by ship to the Japanese port city of Tsuruga via Vladivostok, Russia, delegates of JEWCOM from Kobe gave the refugees a warm welcome and paid for the transport from Tsuruga to Kobe.[6] This was a great relief for the refugees, especially the Polish Jews, who had just finished a 6,000 mile journey across Asia and had little to support themselves.
However, a rapid influx of over 4,600 refugees needing food and shelter was no easy task for a modest Jewish community to deal with. About 1,000 refugees were able to secure transit to other parts of the world, but the rest stayed in Kobe[7] and help was required from American organizations and the Japanese government to deal with the Europeans trying to escape persecution.
Sugihara Visas[edit]
The first major problem the refugees ran into involved their visas. The wave of Polish refugees was able to get to Japan only through a bizarre and incredibly lucky set of coincidences. As Poland was divided up between Germany and the Russians in 1939, many Jews had to flee and chose Lithuania as their destination. As thousands of Polish Jews began to descend on the capital city of Kovno, leaders of the community started frantically looking for consulates that would grant a visa and thus provide asylum from the incoming Russians. After being turned away by the U.S., British-run Palestine, and nearly every other desirable location, the Polish Jews found an answer in the Japanese consulate.
A man named Chiune Sugihara, a gifted Japanese diplomat who was well qualified to complete his primary objective of spying on the Russians, was met with a delicate situation when a group of Jews arrived at his consulate requesting a transit visa through Japan. These Jews had little money and were missing the documents normally required for a visa, but were clearly helpless and Sugihara knew they would perish without his help. After long debate, Sugihara took a stance against his foreign ministry and began to issue necessary documents for travel through Japan to any Jew who came to him. The consulate inKovno was closed shortly after the war began to escalate, but in a few months time Sugihara issued thousands of visas that undoubtedly saved the lives of the Polish Jews who received them. Now called the "Japanese Schindler", Sugihara’s heroics have been honored many times, including the highest honor that Israel gives to those who helped Holocaust survivors.
Unfortunately for the recipients, many of these Sugihara visas were valid for little more than travel across Russia and a 14 day stay in Japan. The final destination of Curaçao in the Caribbean was put on paper because it did not require an entry visa, but no one ever really intended to reach the island. To make matters worse, many of the Jews who escaped from Lithuania to Japan had forged Sugihara visas. This was all very clear to the Japanese officers who inspected the Polish refugees’ papers at Tsuruga, and a solution had to be reached if the Jews were to avoid deportation from Japan.[8]
JEWCOM officials knew the gravity of the situation, and turned to Setsuzo Kotsuji, a bible scholar and Japanese "Jewish expert". Kotsuji was a friend of the Jews, and personally appealed to foreign minister Yosuke Matsuoka on behalf of the Jews of Kobe. A conclusion was reached that the central government would ignore the forged and expired visas if the local Kobe police would accept such a decision and let their city welcome thousands of refugees. Kotsuji then obtained 300,000 yen, no small amount, to bribe the Kobe police and get them to approve the extension of the Polish visas.[9] Thus, the first major hurdle in the Jews of Kobe surviving the Holocaust was surmounted.
Life in Kobe[edit]
Once it became clear that Kobe would be a safe place to stay, if only for a few months, the refugees began to settle into the city. Considering the conditions the Jews had just fled and would soon face in Shanghai, life in Kobe was by all accounts exceptional. In fact, almost every Jew in Kobe was able to live comfortably for their duration there, and their lives resembled that of tourists rather than refugees. As one survivor remarked, "We were tourists. When we were in Japan, we were tourists. My parents weren't working as such, I mean certainly not making an income, and we would travel to various places. Went to Kyoto, I remember that. We went to resorts. We walked, went in the mountains. I mean there are a lot of photographs that tourists take of themselves in front of various shrines or Buddhas or whatnot."[10]
Such a comfortable situation existed for several reasons. First, JEWCOM was a well organized group that had its primary goal from 1940-1941 as the procuring of food, shelter, and security for every Jew in Kobe. This was made possible by ample funding from the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, or the JDC, a group that funded rescue efforts for Jews throughout the war. Additional funding supplemented that of the JDC from the Vaad Hatzala, a relief organization similar to the JDC but only focusing on Orthodox Jews.[11]
After funds were secured for JEWCOM, the question of whether the Jews could live comfortably or not was left up to how they were treated by their Japanese hosts. This treatment could not have been much better. First, the Japanese public helped welcome, along with JEWCOM officials, most boats of refugees coming into Japan in Tsuruga. They bestowed gifts upon the newcomers to Japan and in Kobe, the Jews almost had extraterritoriality. The Japanese government referred all dealings with refugees to JEWCOM officials, and even ignored many petty crimes like littering and shoplifting by the Jewish residents. Almost every survivor’s account of Kobe recalls the delightfully compassionate nature of the Japanese public. "There was noanti-Semitism to the refugees in Kobe, only compassion and kindness,"[12] recalls one survivor, while the president of JEWCOM remarked, "Japan is the first free country [the refugees] have reached, and its representatives abroad have shown so much humane feeling to our unfortunate fellow countrymen that we can only express our appreciation."[13] There are also several instances of the kindness of the Japanese towards Jewish residents that have been recorded. One letter came to JEWCOM headquarters from a Japanese farmer who had heard there were over sixty children among the refugees, and that he would be honored if he could give some of the fruit he was growing as a gift to the children. In another case, a local Kobe doctor refused to accept money for treatment of a child upon finding out he was a Jewish refugee. These random acts of kindness made the refugees truly comfortable, and many Japanese said how bad they felt for the Jews. The Jewish community in Kobe was also able to practice their religion fully, and had two functioning synagogues. The Japanese even helped with the importation of matzo for Passover in 1941. Furthermore, the Mir yeshiva, which was among the Polish refugees and became the only European yeshiva to remain intact after the war, was given a building to continue their Torah studies. These Orthodox Jews aroused much curiosity in the Japanese people, and after investigation an official admired the group’s "holy idealism."[14]Thus, the favorable treatment of the Jews made life in Kobe in 1940 and 1941 surprisingly pleasant.
The Fugu Plan[edit]
Main article: Fugu Plan
The high regard for Jews that Schiff started was still in the minds of Japanese when they invaded Manchuria in 1931. In Manchuria, the city of Harbin had a considerable Russian Jewish population who had fled persecution in their homeland. Many of these Jews were successful businessmen and engineers.[5] The notion of skilled Manchurian Jews was coupled with years of anti-Semitic doctrines being passed along to Japan through the West were particularly influential.[15] Given the growing number of Jewish refugees in Europe and the Japanese perception of their ability to be successful and influence governments, pro-Jewish memorandums were discussed to court Jews of the world and settle them in Manchuria in order to develop local industry. In addition, its authors hoped that Jews would repay the Japanese for their kindness by helping them as Schiff had and influencing their powerful brethren in the U.S. and Britain to develop pro-Japanese policies.
Despite Nazis appeals to the Japanese government to adopt harsher policies towards the Jews. These requests were denied outright by the Japanese, and on December 31, 1940, Japanese Foreign Minister Matsuoka stated, "I am the man responsible for the alliance with Hitler, but nowhere have I promised that we would carry out his anti-Semitic policies in Japan. This is not simply my personal opinion, it is the opinion of Japan, and I have no compunction about announcing it to the world."[16] leading the Japanese to defend the Jews and refuse to adopt anti-Semitic policies.
Conclusion[edit]
As Pearl Harbor approached, the atmosphere in Kobe began to change. Japanese authorities were nervous about any foreigners in Japan, and Kobe had an obvious foreign population. The decision was made that any Jews who hadn’t lived in Kobe prior to the war were to be deported to Shanghai and the port was cleared out in preparation for war. Leaving comfortable life in Kobe came as unwelcome news to many of the refugees, but most still recognized they would be able to survive the war and was thankful for their position away from the Holocaust in Europe. So, almost as quickly as it began the flourishing Jewish community of Kobe was sent to Shanghai where it remained for the duration of the war. However, for a little under a year, Kobe served as an oasis in a world of terror. Through a series of unlikely coincidences, thousands of people who surely would have perished in their homelands were able to live comfortably in a time of war. A testament to the relatively excellent conditions for Jews in Kobe, only two refugees died among the thousands during the duration of Kobe’s wartime Jewish community. Today, a small Jewish community lives on in Kobe, and is the oldest in Japan.[17] Though most remnants of Jewish life have faded away, the Ohel Shelomo synagogue from 1912 remains and is a reminder of the city’s Jewish past. Compassionate Japanese hosts, as well as organized and well financed Jewish aid, made the Jews of Kobe some of the most fortunate in the world during World War II.
-------------------------liver cancer from HepititusC- no cure;
Hepatitis C is an infectious disease affecting primarily the liver, caused by thehepatitis C virus (HCV).[1] The infection is often asymptomatic, but chronic infection can lead to scarring of the liver and ultimately to cirrhosis, which is generally apparent after many years. In some cases, those with cirrhosis will go on to develop liver failure, liver cancer or life-threatening esophageal and gastric varices.[1]
HCV is spread primarily by blood-to-blood contact associated with intravenous drug use, poorly sterilized medical equipment and transfusions. An estimated 150–200 million people worldwide are infected with hepatitis C.[2][3][4] The existence of hepatitis C (originally "non-A non-B hepatitis") was postulated in the 1970s and proven in 1989.[5] Hepatitis C infects only humans andchimpanzees.[6]
The virus persists in the liver in about 85% of those infected. This persistent infection can be treated with medication: the standard therapy is a combination of peginterferon and ribavirin, with either boceprevir or telaprevir added in some cases. Overall, 50–80% of people treated are cured. Those who develop cirrhosis or liver cancer may require a liver transplant. Hepatitis C is the leading reason for liver transplantation, though the virus usually recurs after transplantation.[7] No vaccine against hepatitis C is available.
Signs and symptoms
Acute infection
Hepatitis C infection causes acute symptoms in 15% of cases.[8] Symptoms are generally mild and vague, including a decreased appetite, fatigue, nausea, muscle or joint pains, and weight loss[9] and rarely does acute liver failure result.[10]Most cases of acute infection are not associated with jaundice.[11] The infection resolves spontaneously in 10-50% of cases, which occurs more frequently in individuals who are young and female.[11]
Chronic infection
About 80% of those exposed to the virus develop a chronic infection.[12] This is defined as the presence of detectable viral replication for at least six months. Most experience minimal or no symptoms during the initial few decades of the infection,[13]although chronic hepatitis C can be associated with fatigue.[14] Chronic infection after several years may cause cirrhosis orliver cancer.[7] The liver enzymes are normal in 7-53%.[15]
Fatty changes to the liver occur in about half of those infected and are usually present before cirrhosis develops.[16][17]Usually (80% of the time) this change affects less than a third of the liver.[16] Worldwide hepatitis C is the cause of 27% of cirrhosis cases and 25% of hepatocellular carcinoma.[18] About 10–30% of those infected develop cirrhosis over 30 years.[7][9]Cirrhosis is more common in those also infected with hepatitis B, schistosoma, or HIV, in alcoholics and in those of male gender.[9] In those with hepatitis C, excess alcohol increases the risk of developing cirrhosis 100-fold.[19] Those who develop cirrhosis have a 20-fold greater risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. This transformation occurs at a rate of 1–3% per year.[7][9]
Liver cirrhosis may lead to portal hypertension, ascites (accumulation of fluid in the abdomen), easy bruising or bleeding, varices (enlarged veins, especially in the stomach and esophagus), jaundice, and a syndrome of cognitive impairment known as hepatic encephalopathy.[20] Ascites occurs at some stage in more than half of those who have a chronic infection.[21] Late relapses after apparent cure have been reported, but these can be difficult to distinguish from reinfection.[15]
Extrahepatic complications
The most common problem due to hepatitis C but not involving the liver is mixed cryoglobulinemia (usually the type II form) - an inflammation of small and medium-sized blood vessels.[22][23] Hepatitis C is also associated with Sjögren's syndrome (an autoimmune disorder); thrombocytopenia; lichen planus; porphyria cutanea tarda; necrolytic acral erythema; insulin resistance; diabetes mellitus; diabetic nephropathy; autoimmune thyroiditis and B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders.[24][25]Thrombocytopenia is estimated to occur in 0.16% to 45.4% of people with chronic hepatitis C.[26] 20-30% of people infected have rheumatoid factor - a type of antibody.[27] Possible associations include Hyde's prurigo nodularis[28] andmembranoproliferative glomerulonephritis.[14] Cardiomyopathy with associated arrhythmias has also been reported.[29] A variety of central nervous system disorders have been reported.[30] Chronic infection seems to be associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer.[31]
Occult infection
Persons who have been infected with hepatitis C may appear to clear the virus but remain infected.[32] The virus is not detectable with conventional testing but can be found with ultra-sensitive tests.[33] The original method of detection was by demonstrating the viral genome within liver biopsies, but newer methods include an antibody test for the virus' core protein and the detection of the viral genome after first concentrating the viral particles by ultracentrifugation.[34] A form of infection with persistently moderately elevated serum liver enzymes but without antibodies to hepatitis C has also been reported.[35]This form is known as cryptogenic occult infection.
Several clinical pictures have been associated with this type of infection.[36] It may be found in people with anti-hepatitis-C antibodies but with normal serum levels of liver enzymes; in antibody-negative people with ongoing elevated liver enzymes of unknown cause; in healthy populations without evidence of liver disease; and in groups at risk for HCV infection including those on haemodialysis or family members of people with occult HCV. The clinical relevance of this form of infection is under investigation.[37] The consequences of occult infection appear to be less severe than with chronic infection but can vary from minimal to hepatocellular carcinoma.[34]
The rate of occult infection in those apparently cured is controversial but appears to be low.[15] 40% of those with hepatitis but with both negative hepatitis C serology and the absence of detectable viral genome in the serum have hepatitis C virus in the liver on biopsy.[38] How commonly this occurs in children is unknown.[39]
Virology
Main article: Hepatitis C virus
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a small, enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus.[7] It is a member of theHepacivirus genus in the family Flaviviridae.[14] There are seven major genotypes of HCV, which are known as genotypes one to seven.[40] The genotypes are divided into several subtypes with the number of subtypes depending on the genotype. In the United States, about 70% of cases are caused by genotype 1, 20% by genotype 2 and about 1% by each of the other genotypes.[9] Genotype 1 is also the most common in South America and Europe.[7]
The half life of the virus particles in the serum is around 3 hours and may be as short as 45 minutes.[41][42] In an infected person, about 1012 virus particles are produced each day.[41] In addition to replicating in the liver the virus can multiply in lymphocytes.[43]
Transmission
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The primary route of transmission in the developed world is intravenous drug use (IDU), while in the developing world the main methods are blood transfusions and unsafe medical procedures.[44] The cause of transmission remains unknown in 20% of cases;[45] however, many of these are believed to be accounted for by IDU.[11]
Intravenous drug use
IDU is a major risk factor for hepatitis C in many parts of the world.[46] Of 77 countries reviewed, 25 (including the United States) were found to have prevalences of hepatitis C in the intravenous drug user population of between 60% and 80%.[12][46] Twelve countries had rates greater than 80%.[12] It is believed that ten million intravenous drug users are infected with hepatitis C; China (1.6 million), the United States (1.5 million), and Russia (1.3 million) have the highest absolute totals.[12] Occurrence of hepatitis C among prison inmates in the United States is 10 to 20 times that of the occurrence observed in the general population; this has been attributed to high-risk behavior in prisons such as IDU and tattooing with nonsterile equipment.[47][48]
Healthcare exposure
Blood transfusion, transfusion of blood products, or organ transplants without HCV screening carry significant risks of infection.[9] The United States instituted universal screening in 1992[49] and Canada instituted universal screening in 1990.[50]This decreased the risk from one in 200 units[49] to between one in 10,000 to one in 10,000,000 per unit of blood.[11][45] This low risk remains as there is a period of about 11–70 days between the potential blood donor's acquiring hepatitis C and the blood's testing positive depending on the method.[45] Some countries do not screen for hepatitis C due to the cost.[18]
Those who have experienced a needle stick injury from someone who was HCV positive have about a 1.8% chance of subsequently contracting the disease themselves.[9] The risk is greater if the needle in question is hollow and the puncture wound is deep.[18] There is a risk from mucosal exposures to blood; but this risk is low, and there is no risk if blood exposure occurs on intact skin.[18]
Hospital equipment has also been documented as a method of transmission of hepatitis C, including reuse of needles and syringes; multiple-use medication vials; infusion bags; and improperly sterilized surgical equipment, among others.[18]Limitations in the implementation and enforcement of stringent standard precautions in public and private medical and dental facilities are known to be the primary cause of the spread of HCV in Egypt, the country with highest rate of infection in the world.[51]
Sexual intercourse
Whether hepatitis C can be transmitted through sexual activity is controversial.[52] While there is an association between high-risk sexual activity and hepatitis C, it is not known whether transmission of the disease is due to drug use that has not been admitted to or sex (as risk factors).[9] The majority of evidence supports there being no risk for monogamous heterosexualcouples.[52] Sexual practices that involve higher levels of trauma to the anogenital mucosa, such as anal penetrative sex, or that occur when there is a concurrent sexually transmitted infection, including HIV or genital ulceration, do present a risk.[52]The United States government recommends condom use to prevent hepatitis C transmission in only those with multiple partners.[53]
Body modification
Tattooing is associated with two to threefold increased risk of hepatitis C.[54] This can be due to either improperly sterilized equipment or contamination of the dyes being used.[54] Tattoos or piercings performed either before the mid-1980s, "underground," or nonprofessionally are of particular concern, since sterile techniques in such settings may be lacking. The risk also appears to be greater for larger tattoos.[54] It is estimated that nearly half of prison inmates share unsterilized tattooing equipment.[54] It is rare for tattoos in a licensed facility to be directly associated with HCV infection.[55]
Personal-care items such as razors, toothbrushes, and manicuring or pedicuring equipment can be contaminated with blood. Sharing such items can potentially lead to exposure to HCV.[56][57] Appropriate caution should be taken regarding any medical condition that results in bleeding, such as cuts and sores.[57] HCV is not spread through casual contact, such as hugging, kissing, or sharing eating or cooking utensils.[57] Neither is it transmitted through food or water.[58]
Vertical transmission
Vertical transmission of hepatitis C from an infected mother to her child occurs in less than 10% of pregnancies.[59] There are no measures that alter this risk.[59] It is not clear when during pregnancy transmission occurs, but it may occur both during gestation and at delivery.[45] A long labor is associated with a greater risk of transmission.[18] There is no evidence thatbreast-feeding spreads HCV; however, to be cautious, an infected mother is advised to avoid breastfeeding if her nipples are cracked and bleeding,[60] or her viral loads are high.[45]
Diagnosis
There are a number of diagnostic tests for hepatitis C, including HCV antibodyenzyme immunoassay or ELISA, recombinant immunoblot assay, and quantitative HCV RNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR).[9] HCV RNA can be detected by PCR typically one to two weeks after infection, while antibodies can take substantially longer to form and thus be detected.[20]
Chronic hepatitis C is defined as infection with the hepatitis C virus persisting for more than six months based on the presence of its RNA.[13] Chronic infections are typically asymptomatic during the first few decades,[13] and thus are most commonly discovered following the investigation of elevated liver enzyme levels or during a routine screening of high-risk individuals. Testing is not able to distinguish between acute and chronic infections.[18] Diagnosis in the infant is difficult as maternal antibodies may persist for up to 18 months.[39]
Serology
Hepatitis C testing typically begins with blood testing to detect the presence of antibodies to the HCV, using an enzyme immunoassay.[9] If this test is positive, a confirmatory test is then performed to verify the immunoassay and to determine theviral load.[9] A recombinant immunoblot assay is used to verify the immunoassay and the viral load is determined by a HCV RNA polymerase chain reaction.[9] If there are no RNA and the immunoblot is positive, it means that the person tested had a previous infection but cleared it either with treatment or spontaneously; if the immunoblot is negative, it means that the immunoassay was wrong.[9] It takes about 6–8 weeks following infection before the immunoassay will test positive.[14] A number of tests are available as point of care testing which means that results are available within 30 minutes.[61]
Liver enzymes are variable during the initial part of the infection[13] and on average begin to rise at seven weeks after infection.[14] The elevation of liver enzymes does not closely follow disease severity.[14]
Biopsy
Liver biopsies are used to determine the degree of liver damage present; however, there are risks from the procedure.[7] The typical changes seen are lymphocytes within the parenchyma, lymphoid follicles in portal triad, and changes to the bile ducts.[7] There are a number of blood tests available that try to determine the degree of hepatic fibrosis and alleviate the need for biopsy.[7]
Screening
It is believed that only 5–50% of those infected in the United States and Canada are aware of their status.[54] Testing is recommended in those at high risk, which includes injection drug users, those who have received blood transfusions before 1992,[62] and those with tattoos.[54] Screening is also recommended in those with elevated liver enzymes, as this is frequently the only sign of chronic hepatitis.[63] Routine screening is not currently recommended in the United States.[9] In 2012, the U.S.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) added a recommendation for a single screening test for those born between 1945 and 1965.[64]
Prevention
See also: Hepatitis C vaccine
As of 2011, no vaccine protects against contracting hepatitis C. However, there are a number under development and some have shown encouraging results.[65] A combination of harm reduction strategies, such as the provision of new needles and syringes and treatment of substance use, decrease the risk of hepatitis C in intravenous drug users by about 75%.[66] The screening of blood donors is important at a national level, as is adhering to universal precautions within healthcare facilities.[14] In countries where there is an insufficient supply of sterile syringes, medications should be given orally rather than via injection (when possible).[18]
Treatment
HCV induces chronic infection in 50–80% of infected persons. Approximately 40–80% of these clear with treatment.[67][68] In rare cases, infection can clear without treatment.[11] Those with chronic hepatitis C are advised to avoid alcohol and medications toxic to the liver,[9] and to be vaccinated for hepatitis A and hepatitis B.[9] Ultrasound surveillance forhepatocellular carcinoma is recommended in those with accompanying cirrhosis.[9]
Medications
In general, treatment is recommended for those with proven HCV infection liver abnormalities;[9] As of 2010, treatments consist of a combination of pegylated interferon alpha and the antiviral drug ribavirin for a period of 24 or 48 weeks, depending on HCV genotype.[9] This results cure rates of between 70–80% for genotype 2 and 3, and 45 to 70% for other genotypes.[22]When combined with ribavirin, pegylated interferon-alpha-2a may be superior to pegylated interferon-alpha-2b, though the evidence is not strong.[69] Another agent, sofosbuvir, when combined with ribavirin, shows improved response rates in the 95% range for genotype 2.[22] This benefit is somewhat offset by a greater rate of adverse effects.[22]
Combining either boceprevir or telaprevir with ribavirin and peginterferon alfa improves antiviral response for hepatitis C genotype 1.[70][71][72] Adverse effects with treatment are common, with half of people getting flu like symptoms and a third experiencing emotional problems.[9] Treatment during the first six months is more effective than once hepatitis C has become chronic.[20] If someone develops a new infection and it has not cleared after eight to twelve weeks, 24 weeks of pegylated interferon is recommended.[20] In people with thalassemia, ribavirin appears to be useful but increases the need for transfusions.[73]
Surgery
Cirrhosis due to hepatitis C is a common reason for liver transplantion[20] though the virus usually (80–90% of cases) recurs afterwards.[7][74] Infection of the graft leads to 10–30% of people developing cirrhosis within five years.[75] Treatment with pegylated interferon and ribavirin post transplant decreases the risk of recurrence to 70%.[76]
Alternative medicine
Several alternative therapies are claimed by their proponents to be helpful for hepatitis C including milk thistle, ginseng, andcolloidal silver.[77] However, no alternative therapy has been shown to improve outcomes in hepatitis C, and no evidence exists that alternative therapies have any effect on the virus at all.[77][78][79]
Prognosis
The responses to treatment is measured by sustained viral response and vary byHCV C genotype. A sustained response occurs in about 40-50% in people with HCV genotype 1 given 48 weeks of treatment.[7] A sustained response is seen in 70-80% of people with HCV genotypes 2 and 3 with 24 weeks of treatment.[7] A sustained response occurs about 65% in those with genotype 4 after 48 weeks of treatment. The evidence for treatment in genotype 6 disease is sparse and what evidence there is supports 48 weeks of treatment at the same doses used for genotype 1 disease.[80] Successful treatment decreases the future risk of hepatocellular carcinoma by 75%.[81]
Epidemiology
Main article: Epidemiology of Hepatitis C virus
It is estimated that 150–200 million people, or ~3% of the world's population, are living with chronichepatitis C.[2][3][4] About 3–4 million people are infected per year, and more than 350,000 people die yearly from hepatitis C-related diseases.[3] During 2010 it is estimated that 16,000 people died from acute infections while 196,000 deaths occurred from liver cancer secondary to the infection.[82] Rates have increased substantially in the 20th century due to a combination of intravenous drug abuse and reused but poorly sterilized medical equipment.[18]
Rates are high (>3.5% population infected) in Central and East Asia, North Africa and the Middle East, they are intermediate (1.5%-3.5%) in South and Southeast Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, Andean, Central and Southern Latin America, Caribbean, Oceania, Australasia and Central, Eastern and Western Europe; and they are low (<1 .5="" america.="" america="" and="" asia="" class="reference" id="cite_ref-Mohd2013_4-2" in="" latin="" north="" pacific="" style="line-height: 1em; unicode-bidi: -webkit-isolate;" sup="" tropical="">[4]
Among those chronically infected, the risk of cirrhosis after 20 years varies between studies but has been estimated at ~10%-15% for men and ~1-5% for women. The reason for this difference is not known. Once cirrhosis is established, the rate of developing hepatocellular carcinoma is ~1%-4% per year.[83] Rates of new infections have decreased in the Western world since the 1990s due to improved screening of blood before transfusion.[20]
In the United States, about 2% of people have hepatitis C,[9] with the number of new cases per year stabilized at 17,000 since 2007.[84] The number of deaths from hepatitis C has increased to 15,800 in 2008[85] and by 2007 had overtaken HIV/AIDS as a cause of death in the USA.[86] This mortality rate is expected to increase, as those infected by transfusion before HCV testing become apparent.[87] In Europe the percentage of people with chronic infections has been estimated to be between 0.13 and 3.26%.[88]
The total number of people with this infection is higher in some countries in Africa and Asia.[89] Countries with particularly high rates of infection include Egypt (22%), Pakistan (4.8%) and China (3.2%).[3] It is believed that the high prevalence in Egypt is linked to a now-discontinued mass-treatment campaign for schistosomiasis, using improperly sterilized glass syringes.[18]
History
In the mid-1970s, Harvey J. Alter, Chief of the Infectious Disease Section in the Department of Transfusion Medicine at theNational Institutes of Health, and his research team demonstrated how most post-transfusion hepatitis cases were not due tohepatitis A or B viruses. Despite this discovery, international research efforts to identify the virus, initially called non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANBH), failed for the next decade. In 1987, Michael Houghton, Qui-Lim Choo, and George Kuo at Chiron Corporation, collaborating with Dr. D.W. Bradley at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, used a novel molecular cloning approach to identify the unknown organism and develop a diagnostic test.[90] In 1988, the virus was confirmed by Alter by verifying its presence in a panel of NANBH specimens. In April 1989, the discovery of HCV was published in two articles in the journal Science.[91][92] The discovery led to significant improvements in diagnosis and improved antiviral treatment.[90] In 2000, Drs. Alter and Houghton were honored with the Lasker Award for Clinical Medical Research for "pioneering work leading to the discovery of the virus that causes hepatitis C and the development of screening methods that reduced the risk of blood transfusion-associated hepatitis in the U.S. from 30% in 1970 to virtually zero in 2000."[93]
Chiron filed for several patents on the virus and its diagnosis.[94] A competing patent application by the CDC was dropped in 1990 after Chiron paid $1.9 million to the CDC and $337,500 to Bradley. In 1994, Bradley sued Chiron, seeking to invalidate the patent, have himself included as a coinventor, and receive damages and royalty income. He dropped the suit in 1998 after losing before an appeals court.[95]
Society and culture
See also: List of people with hepatitis C
World Hepatitis Day, held on July 28, is coordinated by the World Hepatitis Alliance.[96] The economic costs of hepatitis C are significant both to the individual and to society. In the United States the average lifetime cost of the disease was estimated at 33,407 USD in 2003[97] with the cost of a liver transplant as of 2011 costing approximately 200,000 USD.[98] In Canada the cost of a course of antiviral treatment is as high as 30,000 CAD in 2003,[99] while the United States costs are between 9,200 and 17,600 in 1998 USD.[97] In many areas of the world, people are unable to afford treatment with antivirals as they either lack insurance coverage or the insurance they have will not pay for antivirals.[100]
Research
As of 2011, there are about one hundred medications in development for hepatitis C.[98] These include vaccines to treat hepatitis, immunomodulators, and cyclophilin inhibitors, among others.[101] These potential new treatments have come about due to a better understanding of the hepatitis C virus.[102]
Special populations
Children and pregnancy
Compared with adults, infection in children is much less well understood. Worldwide the prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in pregnant women and children has been estimated to 1-8% and 0.05-5% respectively.[103] The vertical transmission rate has been estimated to be 3-5% and there is a high rate of spontaneous clearance (25-50%) in the children. Higher rates have been reported for both vertical transmission (18%, 6-36% and 41%).[104][105] and prevalence in children (15%).[106]
In developed countries perinatal transmission is now the leading mechanism of HCV transmission. In the absence of virus in the mother's blood transmission seems to be rare.[105] Factors associated with an increased rate of perinatal infection include membrane rupture of longer than 6 hours before delivery and procedures exposing the infant to maternal blood.[107]Cesarean sections are not recommended. Breast feeding is considered safe if the nipples are not damaged. Perinatal infection of a child does not increase the risk in a subsequent pregnancy. All genotypes appear to have the same risk of transmission.
HCV infection is frequently found in children who have previously been presumed to have non-A, non-B hepatitis and cryptogenic liver disease.[108] The presentation in childhood may be asymptomatic or with elevated liver function tests.[109]While infection is commonly asymptomatic both cirrhosis with liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma may occur in childhood.
Treatment
Treatment of children has been with interferon and ribavirin.[110] The response to treatment is similar to that in adults.[111] It shows a similar dependence on the genotype. Recurrence after transplant is universal and the prognosis post transplant is usually poor.[112]
In children treatment should be initiated within 12 weeks of the detection of the viral RNA if viral clearance has not not occurred within this time.[113] Given the difficulties with establishing a diagnosis of hepatitis C infection in infancy, this recommendation does not apply to infants.
Both pegylated interferon and ribavirin are unsuitable for use in pregnancy and infancy: newer methods of treatment are urgently required.
Diagnosis
Guidelines for the investigation of babies born to hepatitis C positive mothers have been published.[114]
- In children born to hepatitis C virus antibody positive but hepatitis C virus RNA negative mothers, the alanine aminotransferase and hepatitis C virus antibodies should be investigated at 18-24 months of life. If both the alanine aminotransferase value is normal and hepatitis C virus antibody is not found, follow up should be interrupted.
- In children born to hepatitis C virus RNA positive mothers, alanine aminotransferase and hepatitis C virus RNA should be investigated at 3 months of age. Of these
-
- (1) hepatitis C virus RNA positive children should be considered infected if viremia is confirmed by a second assay performed by the 12th month of age
-
- (2) hepatitis C virus RNA negative children with abnormal alanine aminotransferase should be tested again for viremia at 6-12 months and for antibodies to the hepatitis C virus at 18 months
-
- (3) hepatitis C virus RNA negative children with normal alanine aminotransferase should be tested for antibodies to the hepatitis C virus and have their alanine aminotransferase reestimated at 18-24 months. They should be considered non infected if both the alanine aminotransferase is normal and the antibody levels to the hepatitis C virus are undetectable.
- The presence of anti hepatitis C virus antibody beyond the 18th month of age in a never viremic child with normal alanine aminotransferase is likely consistent with past hepatitis C virus infection.
Immunosuppressed
The prevalence of hepatitis C in immunosuppressed hosts is higher than the normal population particularly in those withhuman immunodeficiency virus infection, recipients of organ transplants and those with hypogammaglobulinemia.[115] Infection in these hosts is associated with an unusually rapid progression to cirrhosis.
------PAST and PRESENT MILITARY CULTURE hidden from PUBLIC;
The Japanese term nanshoku (男色?, which can also be read as danshoku) is the Japanese reading of the same characters in Chinese, which literally mean "male colors." The character 色 (color) still has the meaning of sexual pleasure in China and Japan. This term was widely used to refer to some kind of male–male sex in a pre-modern era of Japan. The term shudō (衆道?, abbreviated from wakashudō, the "way of adolescent boys") is also used, especially in older works.[citation needed]
According to Gary Leupp, a professor of history at Tufts University, the ancient Japanese associated nanshoku with China, a country from which borrowed ideas became the basis for much of Japanese high culture, including their writing system (kanji, Chinese characters). The Japanese nanshoku tradition drew heavily on that of China (see Homosexuality in China).
A variety of obscure literary references to same-sex love exist in ancient sources, but many of these are so subtle as to be unreliable; another consideration is that declarations of affection for friends of the same sex were also common. Nevertheless, references do exist, and they become more numerous in the Heian Period, roughly the 11th century. In The Tale of Genji, written in the early 11th century, men are frequently moved by the beauty of youths.[citation needed] In one scene the hero is rejected by a certain lady, and instead sleeps with her young brother:
- Genji pulled the boy down beside him . . . Genji, for his part, or so one is informed, found the boy more attractive than his chilly sister.[2]
The Tale of Genji is a novel, but there exist several Heian-era diaries which contain references to homosexual acts as well. Some of these also contain references to Emperors involved in homosexual relationships and to "handsome boys retained for sexual purposes" by Emperors.[3]
There can be found references to what Leupp has called "problems of gender identity" in other literary works, such as the story of a youth falling in love with a girl who is actually a cross-dressing male.[citation needed]
==================
Military same-sex loveFrom religious circles, same-sex love spread to the warrior (samurai) class, where it was customary for a boy in the wakashū age category to undergo training in the martial arts by apprenticing to a more experienced adult man. The man was permitted, if the boy agreed, to take the boy as his lover until he came of age; this relationship, often formalized in a "brotherhood contract", was expected to be exclusive, with both partners swearing to take no other (male) lovers. This practice, along with clerical pederasty, developed into the codified system of age-structured homosexuality known as shudō, abbreviated from wakashūdo, the "way (do) of wakashū". The older partner, in the role of nenja, would teach the wakashū martial skills, warrior etiquette, and the samurai code of honor, while his desire to be a good role model for his wakashū would lead him to behave more honorably himself; thus a shudō relationship was considered to have a "mutually ennobling effect".
Anyway, the attitude toward homosexuality has always been quite different from the western world.
The historical words for describing the practice (in general, not only regarding samurais) are usually nanshoku (男色), shudō (衆道) and wakashudō (若衆道).
To better understand the concept, I'll add that shudō 衆道 (which is commonly translated as homosexuality) is composed by the kanji SHU with kun reading (kun-yomi) oo.i, with the meaning of many, great numbers (ooi it's the common adjective to say "many", even if the kanji is rarely used), andDOU, kun reading michi, which is road, the same as in judo, taekwondo, kendo, bushido ecc.
Waka 若 is simply the kanji for young.
Nanshoku 男色, translated literally, would be male-color.
Toshiro Mifune, the popular actor famed for his characterizations of quick-witted, taciturn samurai, never uttered a word about it. Akira Kurosawa, the well-known movie director, kept inscrutably mum. Not one of the many hundreds of samurai movies made in the past century even as much as hinted at it nanshoku, the “love of the samurai”*. From its pivotal position in the education, code of honor, and erotic life of the samurai class, the love of youths has sunk below the level of the untouchable to the level of the unmentionable, truly “the love that dare not speak its name”. But the indelible fact remains that one of the fundamental aspects of samurai life was the emotional and sexual bond cultivated between an older warrior and a younger apprentice, a love for which the Japanese have many names, as many perhaps as the Eskimo have for snow.The samurai often called it bi-do, “the beautiful way”, and guarded the tradition jealously.
Myth #26 - Samurai were all macho, masculine and heterosexualFalse — Homosexuality was an integral part of samurai life and was actively and cooperatively practiced. Although very few of the hundreds of samurai movies made in Japan hardly hinted at it; “nanshoku, the love of the samurai.” The indelible fact remains that one of the fundamental aspects of samurai life was the emotional and sexual bond cultivated between an older warrior and a younger (male) apprentice. Although women were deemed important because they continued the family line, many samurai preferred men for their emotional and physical relationships.
------------------------------------"Samurai" existance was banned by Japan during its MODERNIZATION of MILITIA of
Meiji restoration era WHEN JAPAN no longer stay secluded.
Meiji restoration era WHEN JAPAN no longer stay secluded.
Yujiro Ishihara (石原 裕次郎 Ishihara Yūjirō, December 28, 1934 – July 17, 1987) was a Japanese actor and singer born in Kobe. His elder brother isShintaro Ishihara, an author, politician, and the former Governor of Tokyo. Yujiro's film debut was the 1956 film "Season of the Sun," based on a novel written by his brother. He was beloved by many fans as a representative youth star in the films of postwar Japan, and subsequently as a macho movie hero, he was extravagantly mourned following his early death from liver cancer.
Contents
[hide]Life and career[edit]
Yūjirō grew up in Kobe, Hyōgo Prefecture, in Otaru, Hokkaidō, and in Zushi,Kanagawa. His father, an employee of Mitsui O.S.K. Lines, was from Ehime Prefecture, and his mother was from Miyajima, Hiroshima.[1] Yūjirō He attended Otaru Fuji Kindergarten (小樽藤幼稚園) and then Otaru City Inaho Elementary School (小樽市立稲穂小学校). During his elementary school years he participated in competitive swimming, and skied on Mt. Tengu (天狗山tenguyama). He then attended Zushi City Zushi junior High School (逗子市立逗子中学校 zushi shiritsu zushi chuugakkō), where he began playing basketball. He aimed to enter Keio Senior High School (慶應義塾高等学校), but did not pass the entrance examination. He enrolled at Keio Shiki Boys' Senior High School (慶應義塾志木高等学校), but in 1951 was admitted to Keio Senior High School. Afterward he entered the political science department of the school of law at Keio University, associated with the high school, but reportedly spent all his time playing around.
Wanting to become an actor, he auditioned at Toho, Daiei Film and Nikkatsu, but did not pass any of his auditions. However, in 1956, with help from producer Takiko Mizunoe and his brother Shintaro, he received a bit-part in the film adaptation of Shintaro's Akutagawa Prize-winning Season of the Sun, making his film debut. Afterwards he withdrew from Keio University to work for Nikkatsu, playing the lead in the film adaptation of Shintaro's novel Crazed Fruit.
At the 1958 Blue Ribbon Awards Ishihara won the prize for best new actor for the 1957 films Washi to taka and Man Who Causes a Storm. He would go on to become one of the representative stars of the Showa Era with his twin acting and singing career, but his life was one made harder by illness and injury.
In 1960 he married actress Mie Kitahara, his co-star in a number of films beginning in 1956 with Crazed Fruit.
Yūjirō, together with Akira Kobayashi, was the main male star at Nikkatsu, on Nikkatsu's move into the Roman Porno soft porn market. Yūjirō founded the Ishihara Productions company to pursue television drama projects as actor, director and producer.
Yūjirō survived an 1978 oral cancer of the tongue, and an 1981 aortic aneurysm, supported by friends, family and his legion of fans. However he was later diagonised with liver cancer and died at Keio University Hospital in 1987 on July 17 at 4:26, he was 52 years old.
Throughout hs life Yūjirō consumed alcohol and tobacco, and ate meals that were lacking in vegetables, this unhealthy lifestyle is generally acknowledged as contributing to his early death.
Legacy and memorials[edit]
Yujiro Ishihara was called a Japanese Elvis Presley and his movies and music are still followed by lovers of the Shōwa period. On the anniversary of his death, 17 July, his mourning ceremony is often rebroadcast on television.
His grave is a granite gorintō, at Sōji-ji temple in Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa. A memorial museum opened on June 21, 1991 in Otaru, Hokkaido.
He was remembered in 1996 by his brother, Shintaro, in the Mainichibungakusho Special Prize winning biography Otōto (弟), (Younger brother), this was the basis of a 2004 TV Asahi television drama.
His image features on a 1997 Japanese postage stamp.[2]
-------Confessions of a Mask (仮面の告白 Kamen no Kokuhaku?) is Japanese author Yukio Mishima's second novel. Published in 1949. "MISHIMA" was ' h o m o s e x u a l '
marrying and having children to live a double life in Japan.
-------Judaism-Jews are different from Zionist-Jews who have
occupied KobeJapan from 1860.
-------Zionist-Jew from New York lending Japan 200Million US dollars
in 1860's to build Japanese military power needed to defeat USSR-Soviet
over land ownership - needed to invade Korea-needed to invade Manchuria,CHINA-
these Zionist-Jews are DIFFERENT from Peaceful Judaism-Jews innocently
sacrificed in Nazi Concentration Camps first created to stop radical Zionist
initiated riots around the world before WW1.
.......Zionist-Jews are NOT Judaism-Jews.
-----Zionist-Jews in US influenced US Prez Truman in 1948
to single-handedly sign "Jew's Homecountry be created in Israel".
The very same ZIONIST-Jews who have abandoned Prez Truman
after he left the WHITE HOUSE- the very same Prez Truman who
had to live on a Medicare and Pension created just
for his survival after leaving the WHITE HOUSE penniless...
.....Zionist-Jews are NOT Judaism-Jews.
.....Zionist-Jews formed before WW1. Zionist-Jews initiated
Nazi-Concentration-Camp that was an attempt to stop the ZIONIST-Jews
bringing chaos in EUROPE and Asia.
.....Zionist Jews hid in Kobe,Japan; same Japan that took
ZIONIST-Jews' MONEY to finance INVASION-MASSACRE-enslavement
of KOREANS and Manchuria CHINESE....
.....Zionist-Jews caused WW1 and WW2- sacrificed its own
fellow Judaism-Jews FOR SOLE Gain of "ISRAEL" as
land for ZIONIST-JEWS using US PREZ Truman.
.....All the sins and horrors caused by
ZIONIST-JEWS hiding from Kobe,JAPAN from 1860's
to modern day 2013---all the Nazi-Germany
crimes initiated by Zionist-Jews were dumped on
Germans.
......All the Zionist-Jew initiated Korean Genocide
were dumped on Japan; given JAPAN got help
from Zionist-Jews' financial sponsorship to carry
out Japan's own hatred against the KOREANS.
......All the Zionist-Jew initiated
USSR-Soviet Communism STARTED by Zionist-Jews
...but toward end of WW1, USSR-Soviet Communist
started to seperate from ZIONIST-Jew controlling
influence after splitting POLAND; thus
leading to ZIONIST-JEWS recruting PREZ Truman
to harbour USA-JAPAN against
Zionist-Jew deserted USSR-Soviets from WW2 to modern
day2013-future...
......The radical Left-Zionist-Jews initiated
the USSR-Soviet-communism but dumped
all the fault on "USSR-Soviet" dissolved
by Gorbachev.
......The World's worst CRIMES before
WW1, During WW1,WW2, Cold Wars, after the
Korean-VietNam Cold-War participation
by USA, and the modern day
USA participation after 9-11 were
all masterminded chaos by ZIONIST-JEWS
dumping faults on all others
but themselves-THE ZIONIST-JEWS.
-----History of Jews----Corrupt Zionist-Jews that caused death on the Cross....the different set of helpless Judaism-Jews
observing the death on the cross......
--------The Zionist-Jews differing from Judaism-Jews-------
---PREZ Truman comments on Zionist-Jews...Zionist-jews are different from Judaism-Jews
------Zionist Jews in Kobe,Japan "Financially Sponsoring" Japananese
Military that fought Soviet-Russia, KOrea, Manchuria-China.
-------------Defining one's Judaism-Jew ( is not identifiable physically; Judaism-Jews are from Germany, Russia, Poland, etc) differs in action.
........Judaism-Jew practices differently from Zionist-Jews....
( differences in Judaism-Jews vs Zionist-Jews are only visible thru
practice of Good vs Evil)
-----Orthodox-Jews did not participate in Zionist-Jews'-Political Riots in Europe before WW1-during WW1 and throughout WW2-Cold War Propaganda; The Zionist-Jews caused misery around europe and asia for the sole purpose of obtaining "israel" for ZionistJews.
............Zionist-Jews started riots and chaos before WW1.
........Zionist-Jews encouraged "COMMUNIST-SOVIET USSR-Nazism".
.........Zionist-Jews hid in Kobe,Japan
while non-political Orthodox-Jews were in place of Zionist-Jews
punished at Nazi-Concentration-Camps or fled to US.
Quote;
Orthodox Judaism or Torah Judaism, is the approach to religious Judaism which adheres to the interpretation and application of the laws and ethics of the Torah as legislated in the Talmudic texts by the Tanaim and Amoraim and subsequently developed and applied by the later authorities known as the Gaonim, Rishonim, and Acharonim. Orthodox Judaism generally includes Modern Orthodox Judaism and Haredi Judaism, but can include a wide range of philosophies. Orthodox Judaism is a modern movement, often distinguished from traditional premodern Judaism, though some describe it as the mainstream form of Judaism prior to the 18th century.[1]
The majority of Jews killed during the Holocaust were Orthodox.[2] It is estimated that they numbered between 50-70% of those who perished, (3,000,000-4,200,000).[3]
As of 2001, Orthodox Jews and Jews affiliated with an Orthodox synagogue, accounted for approximately 50% of Anglo Jewry (150,000), 25% of Israeli Jewry (1,500,000) and 13% of American Jewry (529,000).[4] (Among those affiliated to a synagogue body, Orthodox Jews represent 70% of British Jewry[5] and 27% of American Jewry).[4]
----------------Before the riots and radical movements masterminded
by Zionist-Jews; German-Hebrew Orthodox Jews resided peacefully
in Germany. Germans practiced zero-tolerance policy in those
discriminating Jews;
Such is an example of German-born getting fired from teaching job
for being anti-jewish in Germany. Germans fired a German who discriminated
German-jews in 1893;
Hermann Ahlwardt (born 21 December 1846 in Krien — died 16 April 1914 in Leipzig) was a German antisemitic journalist.
Ahlwardt was originally an elementary school (German: Volksschule) teacher, but was dismissed in 1893 because of his anti-Jewish pamphlets (such as "Jew Rifles" [Judenflinten], which attacked the Loewe Weapons Factory) and sentenced to prison. In 1895, as one of the völkisch leaders, Ahlwardt, in a speech before the Reichstag, called Jews "predators" and "cholera bacilli" who should be "exterminated" for the good of the German people.[1] He was a co-founder of the Antisemitic People's Party (Antisemitische Volkspartei); his three-volume work Verzweiflungskampf der arischen Völker mit dem Judentum (The Desperate Struggle of the Aryan Peoples with Judaism; 1890—1892) later influenced Nazi antisemitism.
-----------*Also note; Hitler was born in Austria, not German by birth.
...........Zionist-Jews rioted in Europe; Zionist-Jews started Nazi-German campaign; Zionist-Jews masterminded USSR-Soviet-Communist creation of Nazism in Germany.
....Even in "Jesus' Crucified era"; there were seperation among JEWS;
there were those who followed Jewish-Jesus, there were those who jews
who have betrayed Jewish-Jesus, there were those Jews who worked for the
Richer-Romans, and there were corrupt Jews who denied poor-Jesus-as-the-Jewish-savior wanting Richer-Jewish-Savior in place of Poor-Jewish-Jesus.
.....zionist-jews arrived in Japan around 1860's.
....Theodore Herzl -born Austria-Hungary was born in 1860.
.......Theodore Herzl shares Nazi-Hitler's Austrian roots.
......Theodore Herzl started the radical "ZIONIST-Jew" differing from Orthodox-Jew culture.
.......1904-ZIONIST-JEW Theodore Herzl dies at age 44 in Austria;
cause of death was cardiac sclerosis.
Quote about Zionist-Jew-Theodore Herzl;
The Zionist Rabbi Amnon Yitzhak accused former Zionist Prime Minister Ben Gurion and of infidelity and the founder of the Zionist movement Theodore Herzl of homosexuality, revealing the depth of the cultural crisis which he believed “is threatening the Zionist society.”
As part of a televised interview with Zionist channel 10, the rabbi announced he will run for the Knesset elections, just as he was doing over the last 35 years.
Yitzhak, who expressed his takfirist approach towards the secular trend inside the Occupied Territories, stated that “Herzl was a bad man who misled the people and pushed them to the disbelief.”
“Herzl was mentally sick and deviant. He used to rape children. The history tells us that,” he stressed."
-----------------------------The 200Million US dollars lent to Japan was
from New York-based-Banker-Zionist born in Germany; Jacob Schiff. The 200million
us dollar loan to Japan allowed Japan to fight Russia over land ownership, invade Korea, and invade Manchuria-china; causing more abuse/murders than those faced
at "Nazi-Concentration-Camps" that were intended for rioting-Zionist-Jews (instead of the Zionist-Jews, mostly non-Political-Orthodox-Jews were wrongly abuse/killed by the Nazi-Soviets).
....Zionist-Jew Jacob Schiff; Illuminati Jewish banker Jacob Schiff pulled the strings on the "Russian" Revolution, including the savage murder of Czar Nicholas II and his family.
.......about Zionist-Jacob Schiff;
*NOTE: there are Orthodox-Jews/Germanic-Jews who do not
share the views/actions of ZIONIST-Jews like Jacob Schiff.
http://jewishracism.blogspot.com/2008/01/genocidal-jewish-supremacist-jacob-h.html
------History tells all....Even from 1729, Jewish Diaspora without
a designated "COUNTRY", much unrest among continental JEWS were
tried to be unified without success...Significantly, GERMANY
stands out because REFORMED-JEWS-from-GERMANY anguished
ORTHODOX-JEWs of EUROPE.
-------Unfortunate to Germans; the JEWISH-REFORMERS of
1817 Denmark or 1821 Vienna were overshadowed by "Frankfurt" and "BERLIN"
establishments of Jewish-Reformers-of-Germany; Israel Jacobson, Abraham Geiger, Samuel Holdheim and Leopold Zunz.
.....It is TRAGIC that "Religion of JEWS"
caused "POLITICAL" consequences ;
( WWI,Nazi-Hitler, USSR-Soviet-Communism,WW2, Cold-Wars,
Japanese Imperialism financed by Zionist-Jews, Genocides of Koreans,
Genocides of Manchuria-Chinese by the Japanese, Divided Korea,
zionist influence in US, zionist-influence-of-Prez-Truman
initiated occupation of KOREA, Zionist-influence-on-Prez Truman
to declare "Israel" for zionist-jews)
......In TRUTH; REFORM-JEWISH-Movement
dates back to "FRENCH REVOLUTION"!
......However, "GERMAN-JEW-REformers" became
"SCAPEGOAT" representing all "JEWiSh-REFORM" chaos resulting
in "GERMANY" -the country- paying
for all sins caused by "GLOBAL-ZIONIST-JEWS"
framing "JEWISH REFORMERS"-especially
"GERMAN-JEWISH-REFORMERS" for all SINS of "ZIONIST-JEWS".
----------about Zionism; *Zionist-Jews are different from Orthodox-Jews or Germanic-Jews.
Zionist Founder and Nazi Hitler share Austrian-Heritage.
Theodore Herzl was a Zionist-Jew from his 1897 Zionism-involved-movements.
Hitler hid that he was Jewish.
Hitler used drugs like; Atropa belladonna
Hitler is said to have been h o m o se x u a l
selling his body before his rise as nazi-leader.
Hitler's biological father is debated.
Hitler had s e x u al relationship with his Niece before niece committed suicide.
Herzl's daughter was a drug addict.
Herzl's son committed suicide.
http://www.darivera.com/index_files/FW_files/fw10.htm
----------RELIGION fueled greed for Territorial Conquests;
"Good eye" vs "evil eye" analogy in JEWISH History;
....Zionist are at core of evil.
.....Zionist-Jews differ from "Judaism-Jews".
.....In 1905, RUSSIAN EMPIRE's Monarchy stopped.
......NewYork-based Zionist staying in Kobe,Japan lent 200Million US Dollars
to Japan. Japan initiated war with RUSSIA, invaded Korea in 1910, invaded Manchuria-China in 1930.
.......Zionist created Soviet-Union-Communism that took over USSR-Russia; which
in turn created Nazi-Germany-Soviet to seperate Soviet Union from Zionist Control.
.......Feud between Zionist and USSR-Soviet Union ended WW2.
.......by END of WW2;
a) Zionist-Jews hiding in US-Great Britain-Japan caused
deaths of "Orthodox-Jews" at "Nazi Concentration Camps"
intended for "zionist-jews".
b) Zionist-Jews used Prez Truman to form "Israel" for Zionist.
zionist abandoned Prez Truman after he left presidency; Prez Truman
after leaving the white house had no income-which started
the MEDICARE and Retirement for Past Presidents Laws to
help Truman.
c) Zionist-Jews controlled Japan with its Financial Sponsorship condoning
Japan (1910-1945) and US Prez Truman's (1945-1953) "KOREAN GENOCIDE"
and "Manchuria-China Genocide" (1935-1945). Korea is divided and
still occupied by US Military Committed Crimes of enslaving
Korea to modern 2013-future.
d) zionist-jews control "Central Banking" across the globe.
----1905 ended Russian Monarchy. 1910 ended Korean Monarchy. Soviet-Union-Communism took over Russia, Nazi-Germany-soviet-Union, WW1, WW2, Genocide in Korea, Genocide
in Manchuria-China = all started and financially funded by Zionist-Jews in
Kobe,Japan and USA.
....Corrupt Jews that rallied with Roman Empire to kill Jesus
differ from Judaism-Jews-Good Eye-Jews.
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